Entice Africa's scientists to stay

Can South Africa Afford to Become Africas First Welfare State?

This paper assesses the economy-wide impact of implementing and financing a universal or basic income grant (BIG) in South Africa. The various financing scenarios suggested by the proponents of the grant are presented, and these are compared using an applied general equilibrium model for the South African economy. The results indicate that the required changes in direct and indirect tax rates n...

Africas Role in Multilateral Trade Negotiations

1846 Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa won fewer concessions on their exports in the Uruguay Round than did other developing countries, but they still emerged facing fewer or lower restrictions than others. They should be more active in the next Round, focusing negotiations not on trade preferences but on bound most-favored-nation tariff reductions. Summary findings Openness and liberal trade pol...

Do Scientists Pay to Be Scientists?

This paper explores the relationship between wages and the scientific orientation of R&D organizations. Firms who adopt a science-oriented research approach (i.e., “Science”) allow their researchers to pursue and publish an individual research agenda.. The adoption of Science may be associated with a “taste” for Science on the part of researchers (a Preference effect) and/or as a “ticket of adm...

To stay or not to stay? That is the question.

Covert Channels | Here to Stay? Covert Channels | Here to Stay?

We discuss the di culties of satisfying high-assurance system requirements without sacri cing system capabilities. To alleviate this problem, we show how trade-o s can be made to reduce the threat of covert channels. We also clarify certain concepts in the theory of covert channels. Traditionally, a covert channel's vulnerability was measured by the capacity. We show why a capacity analysis alo...